What is the impact of education programmes on children’s learning and school participation?

Abstract

Most education programmes typically improve either school enrolment and attendance or learning outcomes. They rarely improve both. What works in most contexts Cash transfers had the largest and most consistent positive effects on increasing school enrolment, reducing dropouts and improving completion. However, on average, they have not improved learning outcomes. Structured pedagogy programmes had the largest and most consistent positive effects on improving learning outcomes. These are programmes that typically provide customised curricula, new instructional approaches and teachers’ training, and educational materials for students.